Frequency In Language

Author: Dagmar Divjak
Editor: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107085756
File Size: 54,49 MB
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Re-examines frequency, entrenchment and salience, three foundational concepts in usage-based linguistics, through the prism of learning, memory, and attention.

Frequency Effects In Language Acquisition

Author: Insa Gülzow
Editor: Walter de Gruyter
ISBN: 3110977907
File Size: 28,97 MB
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The book addresses a controversial current topic in language acquisition studies: the impact of frequency on linguistic structure in child language. A major strength of the book is that the role of input frequency in the acquisition process is evaluated in a large variety of languages, topics and the two major theoretical frameworks: UG-based and usage-based accounts. While most papers report a clear frequency effect, different factors that may be interacting with pure statistical effects are critically assessed. An introductory statement is made by Thomas Roeper who calls for caution as he identifies frequency as a non-coherent concept and argues for a precise definition of what can and cannot be explained by statistical effects.

Frequency Of Use And The Organization Of Language

Author: Joan Bybee
Editor: Oxford University Press on Demand
ISBN: 0195301560
File Size: 39,78 MB
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The volume collects three decades of articles by the distinguished linguist Joan Bybee. Her articles essentially argue for the importance of frequency of use as a factor in the analysis and explanation of language structure. her work has been very influential for a broad range of researchers in linguistics, particularly in discourse analysis, corpus linguistics, phonology, phonetics amnd historical linguistics.

Frequency Effects In Language Representation

Author: Dagmar Divjak
Editor: Walter de Gruyter
ISBN: 3110274078
File Size: 42,11 MB
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The volume explores the relationship between well-studied aspects of language (constructional alternations, lexical contrasts and extensions and multi-word expressions) in a variety of languages (Dutch, English, Russian and Spanish) and their representation in cognition as mediated by frequency counts in both text and experiment. The state-of-the-art data collection (ranging from questionnaires to eye-tracking) and analysis (from simple chi-squared to random effects regression) techniques allow to draw theoretical conclusions from (mis)matches between different types of empirical data. The sister volume focuses on language learning and processing.

Selected Studies Of The Principle Of Relative Frequency In Language

Author: George Kingsley Zipf
Editor:
ISBN: 9780674432048
File Size: 44,20 MB
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Frequency Effects In Language Learning And Processing

Author: Stefan Th. Gries
Editor: Walter de Gruyter
ISBN: 3110274051
File Size: 79,18 MB
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The volume contains a collection of studies on how the analysis of corpus and psycholinguistic data reveal how linguistic knowledge is affected by the frequency of linguistic elements/stimuli. The studies explore a wide range of phenomena , from phonological reduction processes and palatalization to morphological productivity, diachronic change, adjective preposition constructions, auxiliary omission, and multi-word units. The languages studied are Spanish and artificial languages, Russian, Dutch, and English. The sister volume focuses on language representation.

Frequency And The Emergence Of Linguistic Structure

Author: Joan L. Bybee
Editor: John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN: 9789027229489
File Size: 62,41 MB
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A mainstay of functional linguistics has been the claim that linguistic elements and patterns that are frequently used in discourse become conventionalized as grammar. This book addresses the two issues that are basic to this claim: first, the question of what types of elements are frequently used in discourse and second, the question of how frequency of use affects cognitive representations. Reporting on evidence from natural conversation, diachronic change, variability, child language acquisition and psycholinguistic experimentation the original articles in this book support two major principles. First, the content of people s interactions consists of a preponderance of subjective, evaluative statements, dominated by the use of pronouns, copulas and intransitive clauses. Second, the frequency with which certain items and strings of items are used has a profound influence on the way language is broken up into chunks in memory storage, the way such chunks are related to other stored material and the ease with which they are accessed to produce new utterances.

Experience Counts Frequency Effects In Language

Author: Heike Behrens
Editor: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN: 3110346915
File Size: 66,68 MB
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Frequency is a critical factor in shaping emerging linguistic systems, be it in first or second language learning, or in the historical or social dimensions of language change. This volume comprises studies that show how and which patterns are abstracted from the language speakers hear, and what makes them adopt new usages or constructions.

Frequency Effects In Instructed Second Language Acquisition

Author: Karin Madlener
Editor: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN: 3110423596
File Size: 64,75 MB
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Based on a state-of-the-art review of prior research in all related domains, this book makes precise predictions about the expected effects of specific type and token frequency distributions in input floods and tests these in the second language classroom context.

Experience Counts

Author: Heike Behrens
Editor: Walter de Gruyter
ISBN: 9783110346923
File Size: 18,47 MB
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Frequency is a critical factor in shaping emerging linguistic systems, be it in individual's first or second language learning, or in the historical or social dimensions of language change. This volume comprises studies that show how and which patterns are abstracted from what the language speakers hear, and what makes them adopt new usages or constructions.

A Frequency Dictionary Of Dutch

Author: Carole Tiberius
Editor: Routledge
ISBN: 1317933869
File Size: 80,71 MB
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A Frequency Dictionary of Dutch is a valuable tool for all learners of Dutch, providing a list of the 5,000 most frequently used words in the language. Based on a 290 million word corpus which includes both written and spoken material from a wide range of sources, this dictionary presents Dutch core vocabulary in a detailed and clearly arranged manner: each of the 5,000 entries includes English equivalents and a sample sentence showing language in use. Users can access the top 5,000 words either through the main frequency listings or an alphabetical index. Throughout the frequency listings there are thematically organized lists featuring the top words from a variety of key topics such as animals, food and other areas of daily and cultural life. Words specific to Dutch in Belgium (Belgian Dutch) are also included. An engaging and efficient resource, A Frequency Dictionary of Dutch will enable students of all levels to get the most out of their study. This book was prepared in association with the Instituut voor Nederlandse Lexicologie (INL, Institute of Dutch Lexicology). A CD version is available to purchase separately. Designed for use by corpus and computational linguists, it provides the full text in a format that researchers can process and turn into suitable lists for their own research purposes.

Phonology And Language Use

Author: Joan Bybee
Editor: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521533782
File Size: 27,59 MB
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Reinvestigates how a speaker/hearer's experience with language affects the representation of phonology.

A Frequency Dictionary Of Czech

Author: Franti Ek Cerm K
Editor: Routledge
ISBN: 1136652051
File Size: 29,25 MB
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A Frequency Dictionary of Czech is an invaluable tool for all learners of Czech, providing a list of the 5,000 most frequently used words in the language. Based on data from a 100 million word corpus and evenly balanced between spoken, fiction, non-fiction and newspaper texts, the dictionary provides the user with a detailed frequency-based list, as well as alphabetical and part of speech indexes. All entries in the rank frequency list feature the English equivalent, a sample sentence with English translation and an indication of register variation. The dictionary also contains twenty thematically organised and frequency-ranked lists of words on a variety of topics, such as family, food and drink and transport. A Frequency Dictionary of Czech enables students of all levels to get the most out of their study of vocabulary in an engaging and efficient way. It is also a rich resource for language teaching, research, curriculum design, and materials development. A CD version is available to purchase separately. Designed for use by corpus and computational linguists it provides the full text in a format that researchers can process and turn into suitable lists for their own research work.

Semantic Frequency List For English French German And Spanish

Author: Helen Slocomb Eaton
Editor:
ISBN:
File Size: 48,53 MB
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A Frequency Dictionary Of Japanese

Author: Yukio Tono
Editor: Routledge
ISBN: 1317831411
File Size: 25,53 MB
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A Frequency Dictionary of Japanese is an invaluable tool for all learners of Japanese, providing a list of the 5,000 most commonly used words in the language. Based on a100 million word corpus, composed of spoken, fiction, non-fiction and news texts in current use, the dictionary provides the user with a detailed frequency-based list, as well as alphabetical and part-of-speech indices. All entries in the frequency list feature the English equivalent and a sample sentence with English translation. The dictionary also contains 25 thematically organised lists of frequently used words on a variety of topics such as food, weather, occupations and leisure. Numerous bar charts are also included to highlight the phonetic and spelling variants across register. A Frequency Dictionary of Japanese enables students of all levels to maximise their study of Japanese vocabulary in an efficient and engaging way. It is also an excellent resource for teachers of the language.

A Frequency Dictionary Of German

Author: Randall Jones
Editor: Routledge
ISBN: 1135182965
File Size: 54,65 MB
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A Frequency Dictionary of German is an invaluable tool for all learners of German, providing a list of the 4,034 most frequently used words in the language. Based on a 4.2 million-word corpus which is evenly divided between spoken, fiction and non-fiction texts, the dictionary provides a detailed frequency-based list plus alphabetical and part of speech indexes. All entries in the rank frequency list feature the English equivalent, a sample sentence plus an indication of major register variation. The dictionary also contains twenty-one thematically organized lists of frequently used words on a variety of topics as well as eleven special vocabulary lists. A Frequency Dictionary of German aims to enable students of all levels to maximize their study of German vocabulary in an efficient and engaging way.

A Frequency Dictionary Of Russian

Author: Serge Sharoff
Editor: Routledge
ISBN: 1317917847
File Size: 13,85 MB
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A Frequency Dictionary of Russian is an invaluable tool for all learners of Russian, providing a list of the 5,000 most frequently used words in the language and the 300 most frequent multiword constructions. The dictionary is based on data from a 150-million-word internet corpus taken from more than 75,000 webpages and covering a range of text types from news and journalistic articles, research papers, administrative texts and fiction. All entries in the rank frequency list feature the English equivalent, a sample sentence with English translation, a part of speech indication, indication of stress for polysyllabic words and information on inflection for irregular forms. The dictionary also contains twenty-six thematically organised and frequency-ranked lists of words on a variety of topics, such as food and drink, travel, and sports and leisure. A Frequency Dictionary of Russian enables students of all levels to get the most out of their study of vocabulary in an engaging and efficient way. It is also a rich resource for language teaching, research, curriculum design, and materials development. A CD version is available to purchase separately. Designed for use by corpus and computational linguists it provides the full text in a format that researchers can process and turn into suitable lists for their own research purposes.

Effects Of Frequency In Classroom Second Language Learning

Author: Tomoko Tode
Editor: Peter Lang
ISBN: 9783039116027
File Size: 71,36 MB
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The view of exemplar-based second language learning emphasizes the importance of frequency in learning grammar. According to this view, type frequency rather than token frequency contributes to learning generalized knowledge beyond item-based constructions. This book investigates how frequency in experiencing exemplars affects the learning of the English primary verb be by junior high school students in Japan. The study consists of a quasi-experiment and stimulated-recall analysis of the data. The quasi-experiment compares three kinds of output practice: practice with increased type frequency, practice with increased token frequency, and practice without increased frequency. The experiment also explores how the frequency effects relate to the extent of explicit knowledge about the target structures. In the stimulated-recall analysis, learners engaging in the type frequency practice and those engaging in the token frequency practice are compared in terms of thought processes employed while practicing. The book discusses how frequency promotes classroom second language learning by taking the role of awareness of form-meaning connections into consideration.

A Frequency Dictionary Of Turkish

Author: Yeşim Aksan
Editor: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1317557573
File Size: 68,75 MB
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A Frequency Dictionary of Turkish enables students of all levels to build on their study of Turkish in an efficient and engaging way. Based on a 50 million word corpus, A Frequency Dictionary of Turkish provides a list of core vocabulary for learners of Turkish as a second or foreign language. It gives the most updated, reliable frequency guidelines for common vocabulary in spoken and written Turkish. Each of the 5000 entries are supported by detailed information including the English equivalent, an illustrative example with English translation and usage statistics. The Dictionary provides a rich resource for language teaching and curriculum design, while a separate CD version provides the full text in a tab-delimited format ideally suited for use by corpus and computational linguists. With entries arranged by frequency, by suffixation and alphabetically, A Frequency Dictionary of Turkish enables students of all levels to get the most out of their study of vocabulary in an engaging and efficient way.

Word Frequency Distributions

Author: R. Harald Baayen
Editor: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9781402009273
File Size: 72,41 MB
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This book is a comprehensive introduction to the statistical analysis of word frequency distributions, intended for computational linguists, corpus linguists, psycholinguists, and researchers in the field of quantitative stylistics. Word frequency distributions are characterized by very large numbers of rare words. This property leads to strange phenomena such as mean frequencies that systematically change as the number of observations is increased, relative frequencies that even in large samples are not fully reliable estimators of population probabilities, and model parameters that vary with text or corpus size. Special statistical techniques for the analysis of distributions with large numbers of rare events can be found in various technical journals. The aim of this book is to make these techniques more accessible for non-specialists, both theoretically, by means of a careful introduction to the underlying probabilistic and statistical concepts, and practically, by providing a program library implementing the main models for word frequency distributions.